Let’s say a clinical trial investigated survival rates for two drugs (A and B). While a hazard ratio is similar to a relative risk ratio, it isn’t exactly the same. Show which individuals are more likely to experience an event first.Show whether a treatment shortens an illness duration.Show the relative risk of a complication (like developing a side effect from a drug) in treatment group vs.For example, it may be death, a cure, or another event–like a stroke. What the “event” is depends on the type of study. A hazard ratio of 0.333 tells you that the hazard rate in the treatment group is one third of that in the control group.A hazard ratio of 1 means that both groups (treatment and control) are experiencing an equal number of events at any point in time.Any ratio above 1 generally means that the treatment group healed faster or had a slower time to an event. In other words, the treatment will cause the patient to progress three times as fast as patients in the control group. A hazard ratio of 3 means that three times the number of events are seen in the treatment group at any point in time.As a formula, the hazard ratio, which can be defined as the relative risk of an event happening at time t, is:
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